About Grand Chess

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About Grand Chess

Some five hundred years ago there lived this renaissance guy, bent on looking at things in a new light, as was the fashion, and being a Shatranj player, he looked a lot at Shatranj. Suddenly it hit him: the bishops were crippled. We agree, they weren't even bishops. They were called "fils". They could jump diagonally to the second square, leaping the intervening one. They had only seven squares in total. They could never attack one another. Our hero suddenly saw they were pathetic. And so was the "firzan" or minister, that had a one square diagonal move and was the only piece a pawn could promote to.
There were a couple of additional rules that we would consider rather odd nowadays - they don't matter here. What matters is that our hero came to the conclusion, obviously, that the whole concept needed rethinking. Print had been invented half a century earlier, speeding up things a bit like the internet today, and the best part of a millennium's worth of theory had probably been summarized. Paths may have appeared very well trodden, where's the adventure in that?
By golly, this was the time Columbus was sailing west on his great journey, Copernicus was about to redefine the universe itself! And here they were, playing a game that was so slow it's a wonder it ever even made it over the street of Gibraltar.
I think that's not quite fair actually. Shatranj was a great game. It served many millions of players throughout the Islamic world for twice as long as Chess. It finally died in Algiers, a century or so ago. Our hero unwittingly killed it by rethinking the concept.
He liberated the fils and made them bishops, and gave pawns the right to promote to any piece. In this environment the firzan of course became even more pathetic, and here he made the boldest step - therewith implying Grand Chess in the concept - he combined the powers of bishop and rook and turned it into a piece of unprecedented strength: the Queen.
This was a very bold step indeed, quite more revolutionary than the next one, towards Grand Chess. We look upon the queen as well within the boundaries of balance, but 500 years ago its power must have seemed unbridled - something like having an additional Marshall and Cardinal in today's game. He may well have been aware of the rook-knight and bishop-knight combinations, but straight and diagonal are clearly the first movement options to be considered, so the choice that the 8x8 board forced him to make was logical. And to be fair: players weren't quite ready for Grand Chess, back then.

Rook development constituted a problem. The problem with rooks is that they are obstructed by their own pawns, unlike bishops and knights. And precisely the rooks were tucked farthest away. Maybe our unknown hero didn't think of it, but someone did, and came up with castling. It's now used for rook development as well as king's safety, but the latter can hardly have constituted the argument for it in a Chess game. We're so used to castling that we tend to forget that it is the weirdest move in Chess, implemented specifically to solve a problem. It's not really surprising that Grand Chess doesn't have the same problem. Usually the best implementation of a concept is not in any way hampering itself. If it is - the kings buried by their own men in Lasca, difficult rook development in Chess - something is wrong. Chess turned out a great game despite its problem, but it needed an ad hoc fix to do so.

Capablanca and Lasker promoted the concept of Grand Chess - I'm in good company, thank you - but their implementation was less than fortunate. They either had the pawns on their regular distance and behavior, but then the board would be 8x10, or the board would indeed be 10x10, but then the pawns would be two rows further apart and require rule changes such as the option to move up to three squares initially. This in turn would raise questions about en passant capture and about pawns moving one square initially - can they still move up to the fifth rank on their second move? In short: problematic. Meanwhile the rooks were tucked away even farther, so they actually increased the problem they could have gotten rid of so easily. Capablanca and Lasker were great players, not great inventors. Grand Chess solves it all at once.

We live in a time not unlike the renaissance. In those days the printed word accelerated events and led to almost aggressive innovation, now the internet does the same. At the current rate of development, Chess will show serious signs of fatigue within two or three decades. More study, better programs, more knowledge, less fun, less adventure, more grandmasters, more draws and no more heroes - I'll allow for one more to define an era like Fischer or Kasparov.
I don't just see it as desirable for Grand Chess to achieve worldwide recognition, I see it as inevitable as the rise of today's Chess five centuries ago, even if it means Chess will die in Moscow a century from now.

Programs will have no opening libraries as yet, and endgame routines are different, yet ealuation functions may be fairly easy to adapt, and the human level of play still requires some working on, to even become modest. Although there'll be no Grand Deep Blue for a long time, we may still have to rely on programs to help map out the opening alleys.

Grand Chess is featured in David Pritchard's The Encyclopedia of Chess Variants (G&P Publications, P.O. Box 20, Godalming, Surrey GU8 4YP, UK. - ISBN 0-9524142-0-1), in R. Wayne Schmittberger's New Rules for Classic Games (John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York - ISBN 0-471-53621-0), in Games Magazine (January 1987), in Variant Chess (spring 1996, summer 1997) and in Chess Life (august 1997).

In the magazine Abstract Games, Tony Gardner directs a regular Grand Chess corner.

has implemented Grand Chess in a remarkable program for the Mac:

- view the "influence" of a Chess or Grand Chess position

the program here

The Zillions multi-game program plays a mean game of Grand Chess

Read a review in Hans Bodlaender's Chess Variants Pages